Part of single frond. Oxfordshire, late October |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum10sm.jpg) | Pinnae. Oxfordshire, late October |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum10asm.jpg) |
Detail of pinnae. W Scotland (Main Argyll), early August |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum16sm.jpg) | Pinnules. Oxfordshire, late October |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum10bsm.jpg) |
Pinnules. W Scotland (Main Argyll), early August |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum16asm.jpg) | Pinnules. W Scotland (Main Argyll), early August |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum16bsm.jpg) |
Detail of pinnae. Oxfordshire, July |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum13sm.jpg) |
Very young plant. Oxfordshire, late October |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum08sm.jpg) |
Immature fronds. Compare with Polystichum lonchitis. In limestone pavement, Cumbria, early July |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum05sm.jpg) |
Detail of immature frond. Compare with Polystichum lonchitis. In limestone pavement, Cumbria, early July |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum06sm.jpg) |
Young plant. In limestone pavement, Yorkshire, late July |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum17sm.jpg) |
Yorkshire, late July |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum18sm.jpg) |
In limestone pavement, Cumbria, early July |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum07sm.jpg) |
In limestone pavement, Cumbria, early July |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum04sm.jpg) |
In limestone pavement, Cumbria, early July |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum03sm.jpg) |
In limestone pavement, Cumbria, early July |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum02sm.jpg) |
In deep shade on the side of a ditch. Oxfordshire, late October |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum11sm.jpg) |
Oxfordshire, July |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum12sm.jpg) |
City fern. Oxford, late July |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum14sm.jpg) |
W Scotland (Main Argyll), early August |
![](../../fernimages/fern_photographs/polystichum/aculeatum/aculeatum15sm.jpg) |